Dennis Milbert Papers Index Page

DENNIS MILBERT'S PAPERS INDEX PAGE

Updated:  2024-oct-09

Here is a partial list of my papers that are on the Web:

"Influence of Pseudorange Accuracy on Phase Ambiguity Resolution in Various GPS Modernization Scenarios", first published in NAVIGATION, Spring 2005, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp.29-38. Contains August 2005 corrections.

(These are from earlier work on vertical datums and kinematic surveying.)

Hess, K.W., D.G. Milbert, S.K. Gill and D.R. Roman, 2003: Vertical Datum Transformations for Kinematic GPS Hydrographic Surveys. U.S. Hydrographic Conference, Biloxi, Mississppi, March 24-27, 2003.
Parker, B., K.W. Hess, Milbert, D.G. and S.K. Gill, 2003: National VDatum - The Implementation of a National Vertical Datum Transformation Database. U.S. Hydrographic Conference, Biloxi, Mississppi, March 24-27, 2003.
Riley, J., D.G. Milbert and G. Mader, 2003: Hydrographic Surveying on a Tidal Datum with Kinematic GPS: NOS Case Study in Delaware Bay. U.S. Hydrographic Conference, Biloxi, Mississppi, March 24-27, 2003.
Milbert, D.G., 2002: Documentation for VDatum and A Datum Tutorial. Software Documentation, National Ocean Service, NOAA.
Milbert, D.G. and K.W. Hess, 2001: Combination of Topography and Bathymetry through Application of Calibrated Vertical Datum Transformations in the Tampa Bay Region. Proceedings of the Second Biennial Coastal GeoTools Conference, Charleston, South Carolina, January 8-11, 2001. (Abstract)

(These are from earlier work on the geoid.)

Smith, D.A. and D.G. Milbert, 1999: The GEOID96 high resolution geoid height model for the United States, Journal of Geodesy, V. 73, N. 5, pp. 219-236.
Milbert, D.G., 1998: Documentation for the GPS Benchmark Data Set of 23-July-98, IGeS Bulletin N. 8, International Geoid Service, Milan, pp. 29-42.
Milbert, D.G., 1997: An Accuracy Assessment of the GEOID96 Geoid Height Model for the State of Ohio. Unnumbered Report, February 1997, Geodetic Services Division, National Geodetic Survey, NOAA, Silver Spring, MD., 51pp.
Smith, D.A. and D.G. Milbert, 1997: Evaluation of the EGM96 Model of the Geopotential in the United States , IGeS Bulletin N. 6 "The Earth Gravity Model EGM96: Testing Procedures at IGeS", International Geoid Service, Milan, pp. 33-46.
Smith, D.A. and D.G. Milbert, 1997: Evaluation of Preliminary Models of the Geopotential in the United States , IGeS Bulletin N. 6 "The Earth Gravity Model EGM96: Testing Procedures at IGeS", International Geoid Service, Milan, pp. 7-32.
Milbert, D.G. and D.A. Smith, 1996: Converting GPS Height into NAVD 88 Elevation with the GEOID96 Geoid Height Model . Proceedings of GIS/LIS '96 Annual Conference and Exposition, Denver, November 19-21, 1996, American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Washington, D.C., pp. 681-692.
Milbert, D.G., 1995: National Report for the United States of America. In: Activity Report 1991-1995 of the International Geoid Commission (IGeC), Edited: H. Sunkel, Technical University Graz, Austria, pp. 89-101.
Milbert, D.G., 1991: Computing GPS-derived orthometric heights with the GEOID90 geoid height model. Technical Papers of the 1991 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention, Atlanta, Oct. 28 to Nov. 1, 1991. American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Washington, D.C., pp. A46-55.

(These are from earlier work on geodetic networks.)

Milbert, K.O. and D.G. Milbert, 1994: State Readjustments at the National Geodetic Survey, Surveying and Land Information Systems, 54(4), pp. 219-230.

(... including one authored by my beloved wife ...)

Milbert, K.O., 1997: An Evaluation of the High Accuracy Reference Network Relative to the Continiously Operating Reference System. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS 68 , 23 pp.

Here is a complete list of papers.

Milbert, D. G., 1978: An algorithm for mixed mode network design. Presented at the AGU Chapman Conference: Design of Hydrologic Data Networks, Tuscon, December 11-14.
Milbert, D. G., 1979: Optimal design and horizontal control networks. Presented at the 39th Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Washington D.C., March 18-24.
Milbert, D. G., 1979: Optimization of horizontal control networks by nonlinear programing. NOAA Technical Report NOS-79 NGS-12, 42 pp.
Milbert, D. G., 1980: Roundoff accumulation at weak horizontal positions. Bulletin Geodesique, 54(2), pp. 235-245.
Milbert, D. G., 1980: A simulation of random error propagation for the United States leveling network. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Problems Related to the Redefinition of North American Vertical Control Networks, Ottawa, May 26-30, pp. 433-451.
Milbert, D. G., 1981: Validation of horizontal observations for the National Geodetic Survey data base. Proceedings of the International Symposium: Management of Geodetic Data, Copenhagen, August 24-26, pp. 122-133.
Milbert, D. G., 1982: INERT1: A program for planning and simultaneous adjustment of inertial surveys. Technical papers of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Denver, March 14-20, pp. 173-177.
Milbert, D. G., 1982: Evaluation of the Gregerson model for processing inertial surveying data. Presented at the 1982 Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Philadelphia, May 31-June 4.
Milbert, D. G., 1982: An inertial survey adjustment program: implementation and validation. NOAA Technical Report NOS-97 NGS-26, 89 p.
Milbert, D. G., 1983: A specification is not a classification standard. Technical papers of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Washington D.C. March 13-18, pp. 120-127.
Milbert, D. G., 1984: Heart of gold: computer routines for large, sparse least-squares computations. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-39, 28 p.
Federal Geodetic Control Committee, 1984: Standards and specifications for geodetic control networks.
Milbert, D. G., 1984: Preliminary analysis of an operational global positioning system control survey. Presented at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, December 3-7.
Milbert, D. G., 1985: Application of the variance factor test to a global positioning system survey. Technical papers of the 45th Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Washington D. C., March 11-14, pp. 502-511.
Milbert, D. G., 1985: A note on observation decorrelation, variances of residuals, and redundancy numbers. Bulletin Geodesique, 59(1), pp. 71-80.
Milbert, D. G., and W. Kass, 1985: Network adjustment of correlated coordinate difference observations. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Precise Positioning with the Global Positioning System, Rockville, April 15-19, pp. 657-666.
Milbert, D. G. and E. J. McKay, 1985: A comparison of approaches to constrained adjustments of the Global Positioning System survey data. Presented at the Fall Convention of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Indianapolis, September 8-13.
Drew, A. and D. G. Milbert, 1986: ADJUST: the gravimetry adjustment program. Program documentation (internal use).
Miller, L., R. Cheney and D. G. Milbert, 1986: Sea level time series in the equatorial Pacific from satellite altimetry. Geophysical Research Letters, 13(5), pp. 475-478.
Sandwell, D. T., D. G. Milbert and B. C. Douglas, 1986: Global nondynamic orbit improvement for altimetric satellites. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(B9), pp. 9447-9451.
Cheney, R., B. C. Douglas, R. Agreen, L. Miller, D. G. Milbert, D. Porter, 1986: The GEOSAT altimeter mission: A milestone in satellite oceanography. EOS, Trans., Amer. Geophys. Union, The Oceanography Report, 67(48), pp. 1354-1355.
Milbert, D. G., W. G. Kass, 1987: ADJUST: the horizontal observation adjustment program. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-47, 53pp.
Milbert, D. G., 1988: Combining leveling and GPS measurements through the integrated geodesy approach. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Baltimore, May 16-20.
Milbert, D. G., 1988: Treatment of geodetic leveling in the integrated geodesy approach. Proceedings of the Chapman Conference on Progress in the Determination of the Earth's Gravity Field, Fort Lauderdale, FL, September 13-16, pp. 126-129.
Milbert, D. G., 1988: Treatment of geodetic leveling in the integrated geodesy approach. Report 396, Department of Geodetic Science and Surveying, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 138 pp.
Milbert, D. G., B. Douglas, R. Cheney, L. Miller, R. Agreen, 1988: Calculation of sea level time series from non-collinear GEOSAT altimeter data. Marine Geodesy, Vol. 12, pp. 287-302.
Milbert, D. G., W. T. Dewhurst, 1989: The Yellowstone-Hebgen Lake geoid obtained through the integrated geodesy approach. Presented at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, Dec 4-8.
Milbert, D. G., 1990: An integrated geodesy approach to determine heights. Proceedings of The Workshop on Precise Vertical Positioning, Hannover, October 8-12.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: GPS - Heighting and Geoidal Modeling. Presented at the conference "Trends in GPS Development", Hartford, April 26-27.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: GEOID90: A high-resolution geoid height model for the conterminous United States. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Baltimore, May 28-June 1.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: GEOID90: A high-resolution geoid height model for the conterminous United States. Presented at the XX General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Vienna, August 13-21.
Milbert, D. G. 1991: A family of covariance functions based on degree variance models and expressible by elliptic integrals. Manuscripta Geodetica, 16(3), pp. 155-167.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: An accuracy assessment of the GEOID90 geoid height model for the Commonwealth of Virginia. National Geodetic Survey Report (unnumbered series), June 1991, 52 pp.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: GEOID90: A high-resolution geoid height model for the conterminous United States. Proceedings of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1991 Surveying Conference, Lousiville, July 16-18, pp. 8C1-8C7.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: Computing GPS-derived orthometric heights with the GEOID90 geoid height model. Technical papers of the 1991 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention, Atlanta, October 28-November 1, pp. A46-55.
Milbert, D. G., 1991: GEOID90: A high-resolution geoid for the United States. EOS Trans, AGU, 72(49), pp. 545-554.
Milbert, D. G., W. T. Dewhurst, 1992: The Yellowstone-Hebgen Lake geoid obtained through the integrated geodesy approach. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(B1), pp. 545-558.
Milbert, D. G., 1992: GPS and GEOID90 -- The new level rod. GPS World, 3(2), pp. 38-43.
Milbert, D. G., 1992: Intercomparison of the GEOID90 model against ellipsoidal heights on benchmarks. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Montreal, May 12-16.
Milbert, D. G., 1992: GEOID90: A high-resolution geoid for the United States. Technical papers of the 62nd Annual International Meeting of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, New Orleans, LA, Oct 25-28.
Milbert, D. G. and D. G. Schultz, 1993: GEOID93: A new geoid height model for the United States. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Baltimore, May 24-28.
Kuroishi, Y., D. G. Milbert, and D. G. Schultz, 1993: A gravimetric geoid of Japan: importance on sea level change detection by satellite Altimetry. Proceedings of the CRCM'93, Kobe, December 6-11, pp. 363-367.
Milbert, D. G., 1994: Comparison of NAVD88 benchmarks, GPS vertical, and geoid height in the United States. Presented at the Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Baltimore, May 23-27.
Milbert, D. G., 1994: Geoid modeling and height determination with GPS. Proceedings of Tenth Annual GIS-GPS Workshop, Sandpoint, Washington, Sep 15-17, Washington State Section, ACSM, Seattle.
Milbert, K. O., and D. G. Milbert, 1994: State readjustments at the National Geodetic Survey. Surveying and Land Information Systems, 54(4), pp. 219-230.
Parks, W., and D. G. Milbert, 1995: A geoid height model for San Diego County, California, to test the effect of densifying gravity measurements on accuracy of GPS-estimated orthometric height. Surveying and Land Information Systems, 55(1), pp. 21-38.
Milbert, D.G., 1995: National Report for the United States of America. In: Activity Report 1991-1995 of the International Geoid Commission (IGeC), Edited: H. Sunkel, Technical University Graz, Austria, pp. 89-101.
Milbert, D. G., 1995: Improvement of a high resolution geoid height model in the U.S. by GPS height on NAVD88 benchmarks. Presented at the IUGG XXI General Assembly, Boulder, July 3-14.
Milbert, D. G., 1995: Improvement of a high resolution geoid height model in the U.S. by GPS height on NAVD88 benchmarks. IGeS Bulletin N.4, "New Geoids in the World", International Geoid Service, Milan, 1995, pp. 13-36.
Milbert, D. G., 1995: Book Review of: GPS Satellite Surveying, Second Edition. Surveying and Land Information Systems, 55(4), pp. 219.
Lanier, J., P. Krueger, R. Smith, D. Milbert, J. Mills, M. Heinzen, R. Labone, M. Kumar, and S. Iwomoto, 1996: Technical report and tutorial on the Standard Vertical Datum. Report to Technical Steering Group, Hydrographic Source Assessment System, Defense Hydrographic Initiative. National Imagery and Mapping Agency, Bethesda, MD, February 1996.
Mader, G. L., and D. G. Milbert, 1996: The effect of multipath on differential positioning using the U.S. Coast Guard GPS Network. ION meeting, Boston, Mass., June 18-20, 1996.
Milbert, D. G. and D. A. Smith, 1996: Converting GPS height into NAVD88 elevation with the GEOID96 geoid height model. Proceedings of the GIS/LIS'96 Annual Conference, Denver, Colorado, November 19-21, pp.681-692.
Smith, D. A. and D. G. Milbert, 1996: A new high resolution geoid height model for the United States using the EGM96 potential coefficient model. Presented at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, December 15-19.
Smith, D. A. and D. G. Milbert, 1997: Evaluation of preliminary models of the geopotential in the United States. IGeS Bulletin N.6, "The Earth Gravity Model EGM96: Testing Procedures at IGeS", International Geoid Service, Milan, 1997, pp. 7-32.
Smith, D. A. and D. G. Milbert, 1997: Evaluation of the EGM96 model of the geopotential in the United States. IGeS Bulletin N.6, "The Earth Gravity Model EGM96: Testing Procedures at IGeS", International Geoid Service, Milan, 1997, pp. 33-46.
Milbert, D. G. and D. A. Smith, 1997: Converting GPS height into local elevation: the GEOID96 height model for the United States. Geomatics Info Magazine, 11(9), pp. 60-63.
Milbert, D. G., 1997: An accuracy assessment of the GEOID96 geoid height model for the state of Ohio. Unnumbered Report, February 1997, National Geodetic Survey, NOAA, Silver Spring, MD., 51pp. Also at: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/oh-rep.html
Milbert, D. G., 1998: An accuracy assessment of the GEOID96 geoid height model for the state of Ohio. Surveying and Land Information Systems, 58(2), pp. 83-96.
Milbert, D. G., 1998: Documentation for the GPS Benchmark Data Set of 23-July-98. IGeS Bulletin N. 8, International Geoid Service, Milan, pp. 29-42.
Milbert, D.G. and D.A. Smith, 1998: Implications of Spherical Earth Models for Gravity Reduction Procedures and Geoid Computations. Presented at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, December 12.
Smith, D.A. and D.G. Milbert, 1999: The GEOID96 high resolution geoid height model for the United States, Journal of Geodesy, 73(5), pp. 219-236.
Milbert, D. G. and M. R. Craymer, 2000: NAREF: An initiative to densify the ITRF in North America, American Geophysical Union 2000 Spring Meeting, June 3, Washington, D. C.
Smith, D. A., M. Sartori and D. G. Milbert, 2000: Preliminary Investigations Toward an Improved Geoid Model in Florida. Surveying and Land Information Systems, 60(2), pp. 109-116.
Milbert, D. G. and K. W. Hess, 2001: Combination of topography and bathymetry through application of calibrated vertical datum transformations in the Tampa Bay region. Proceedings of the Second Biennial Coastal GeoTools Conference, Charleston, South Carolina, January 8-11, 2001. Also at http://vdatum.noaa.gov/download/publications/2001_milbert_Tampa.pdf.
Parker, B., D. G. Milbert, R. Wilson, K. Hess, J. Bailey, C. Fowler, D. Gesch and R. Berry, 2001: A Tampa Bay bathymeric/topographic digital elevation model with internally consistent shorelines for various datums. Proceedings of the Twelfth Biennial International Symposium of the Hydrographic Society, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK: March 27-29, Special Pub. 42, Paper 11, 11 pp. Also at http://vdatum.noaa.gov/ download/publications/2001_parker_TampaDEM.pdf.
Parker, B., D. G. Milbert, R. Wilson, J. Bailey, D. Gesch, 2001: Blending bathymetry with topography: The Tampa Bay demonstration project." Proceedings of the U.S. Hydrographic 2001 Conference, Norfolk, Virginia, May 21-24, 2001. Also at http://vdatum.noaa.gov/download/publications/ 2001_parker_USHydro_Tampa.pdf
Smith, D. A., D. S. Robertson and D. G. Milbert, 2001: Gravitational attraction of local crustal masses in spherical coordinates. Journal of Geodesy, 74(11-12), pp. 783-795.
Milbert, D. G., 2002: Documentation for VDatum and a datum tutorial. Software documentation version 1.06, National Ocean Service, NOAA, http://vdatum.noaa.gov/download/publications/2002_milbert_VDatum106.pdf
Milbert, D.G., J. Riley, G. Mader, M. Chin, K. Hess and D. Roman, 2002: Kinematic GPS Control of a Hydrographic Survey in Delaware Bay. Presented at GPS Navigation and Datum Workshop, 28 August, 2002, Stennis Space Center, Bay Saint Louis, MS,
Milbert, D. G., and J. Riley, 2002: Hydrographic Surveying in a Tidal Datum with Kinematic GPS Control. Proceedings of the W. A. Heiskanen Symposium in Geodesy, 1-4 October, 2002, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Craymer, M. R., D. G. Milbert and P. Knudsen, 2003: Report of the sub-commission for North America IAG Commission X (Global and Regional Geodetic Networks) 1999 to 2003. Report to the XXIII General Assembly of the IUGG, Sapporo, Japan, June 30 - July 11, 2003. Also at http://www.naref.org/naref/naref_iugg2003report.pdf
Hess, K. W., D. G. Milbert, S. K. Gill and D. R. Roman, 2003: Vertical datum transformations for kinematic GPS hydrographic surveys. U.S. Hydrographic Conference, Biloxi, Mississppi, March 24-27, 2003. Also at http://vdatum.noaa.gov/download/publications/2003_hess_USHydro_GPS.pdf.
Mader, G. N. D. Weston, M. Morrison and D. G. Milbert, 2003: The on-line positioning user service (OPUS), Professional Surveyor, 23(5), pp. 26-30.
Parker, B., K. W. Hess, D. G. Milbert and S. K. Gill, 2003: National VDatum - the implementation of a national vertical datum transformation database. U.S. Hydrographic 2003 Conference, Biloxi, Mississppi, March 24-27, 2003, 8 pp. Also at http://vdatum.noaa.gov/download/publications/ 2003_parker_USHydro_nationalvdatum.pdf.
Parker, B., D. G. Milbert, K. Hess and S. Gill, 2003: Integrating bathymetry, topography, and shoreline, and the importance of vertical datums. Proceedings of OCEANS 2003, Vol. 2, Sept. 22-36, San Diego, CA, pp. 758-762.
Parker, B., D. G. Milbert and S. K. Gill, 2003: A national vertical datum transformation tool. Sea Technology, 44(9) pp. 10-15.
Riley, J., D. G. Milbert and G. Mader, 2003: Hydrographic surveying on a tidal datum with kinematic GPS: NOS case study in Delaware bay. U.S. Hydrographic 2003 Conference, Biloxi, Mississppi, March 24-27. Also at http://www.thsoa.org/hy03/4a_2.pdf
Wilson, R. K. Hess, D. G. Milbert, B. Parker and D. Gesch, 2003: Merging hydrographic and topographic data to a common vertical datum for constructing a DEM of southeast Louisiana. Proceedings of the Third Biennial Coastal GeoTools Conference, Charleston, South Carolina, January 6-9, 2003.
Woolard, J., D. G. Milbert, E. Myers and K. Hess, 2003: Extraction of mean high water shoreline in central California using airborne LIDAR and vertical datum transformations. Proceedings of the Third Biennial Coastal GeoTools Conference, Charleston, South Carolina, January 6-9, 2003.
Milbert, D. G., 2005: Influence of Pseudorange Accuracy on Phase Ambiguity Resolution in Various GPS Modernization Scenarios. NAVIGATION, Spring 2005, 52(1), pp. 29-38. (corrected August 2005, NAVIGATION) https://geodesyworld.github.io/mypapers/ion2005aug.pdf, 21pp.
Kaplan, E. D., J. L. Leva, D. G. Milbert and M. S. Pavloff, 2006: Fundamentals of Satellite Navigation: in Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, 2nd edition, Ed. E. D. Kaplan, C. J. Hegarty, Artech House, Norwood, MA, pp. 21-65.
Milbert, D. G., 2008: Dilution of Precision Revisited. NAVIGATION, Spring 2008, 55(1), pp. 67-81. Also at https://geodesyworld.github.io/dopstuf/milbert08.pdf, 37pp.
Milbert, D. G., 2008: An analysis of the NAD 83(NSRS2007) national readjustment. Contract Report, January 2008, National Geodetic Survey, https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/NSRS2007/NSRS2007Analysis.pdf, 182 pp.
Milbert, D. G., 2009: Improving dilution of precision: A companion measure of systematic effects. GPS World, 20(11), pp. 38-47. https://www.gpsworld.com/gnss-systemalgorithms-methodsinnovation-improving-dilution-precision-9100/
Milbert, D.G., 2012: GEOCON 1.0 Operating Instructions and User Guide. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS 88, 49pp.
Milbert, D.G., 2012: GEOCON 1.0 Technical Report: Coordinate Transformation between the High Accuracy Reference Network and the NAD83 (NSRS 2007). NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS 76, 31pp.
Milbert, D.G., 2014: The GEOCON Manual: Documentation for NGS Programs GEOCON, Version 1.1 and GEOCON11, Version 1.1 NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS 53, 53pp.
Kaplan, E. D., J. W. Betz, C. J. Hegarty, S. J. Parisi, D. G. Milbert, M. S. Pavloff, P. W. Ward, J. J. Leva, and J. Burke, 2017: Fundamentals of Satellite Navigation: in Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, 3rd edition, Ed. E. D. Kaplan, C. J. Hegarty, Artech House, Norwood, MA, pp. 19-88.
Arthur J. Dorsey, A. J., W. A. Marquis, J. W. Betz, C. J. Hegarty, E. D. Kaplan, P. W. Ward, M. S. Pavloff, P. M. Fyfe, D. G. Milbert, and L.F. Wiederholt, 2017: Global Positioning System: in Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, 3rd edition, Ed. E. D. Kaplan, C. J. Hegarty, Artech House, Norwood, MA, pp. 89-190.
S. Bisnath, S., M. U. de Haag, D. W. Diggle, C. Hegarty, D. G. Milbert, and T. Walter, 2017: Differential GNSS and Precise Point Positioning: in Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, 3rd edition, Ed. E. D. Kaplan, C. J. Hegarty, Artech House, Norwood, MA, pp. 709-788.
Milbert, D. G., 2023: Variational Equations for Orbit Determination by Differential Correction. Miscellaneous Study, October 2023, National Geodetic Survey, https://geodesy.noaa.gov/library/pdfs/variational-equations-orbit-determination-differential.pdf , 61 pp.
Milbert, D., Jekeli, C., 2023: On the initialization of the sensitivity matrix in variational equations. J Geod 97, 88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-023-01776-4

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